What are the clinical applications of medical nickel-titanium guidewires?
Release Date:
01 Aug,2022
What are the clinical applications of medical nickel-titanium guidewires?
Medical nickel-titanium guidewires are a type of shape memory guidewire, which is a special guidewire that can automatically restore its plastic deformation to its original shape at a certain temperature. So, what are the clinical applications of medical nickel-titanium guidewires?
What are the clinical applications of medical nickel-titanium guidewires?
1. Early alignment and leveling of the patient's dentition. Due to the superelasticity, shape memory properties, and low stress-strain curve of nickel-titanium archwires, currently, nickel-titanium archwires are commonly used as the first archwire in orthodontic systems, greatly reducing patient discomfort. There are currently several different straight-wire orthodontic techniques.
2. Nickel-titanium springs: Nickel-titanium push and pull springs are types of springs used in orthodontics. They feature the superelasticity of nickel-titanium and are suitable for opening gaps between teeth and pulling teeth in different directions during orthodontic treatment. They meet physiological requirements. Compared to stainless steel wires of the same diameter, titanium wire pull springs have higher elasticity and extremely low permanent deformation rates, releasing orthodontic forces 3.5 to 4 times greater. Therefore, in orthodontic applications, patients experience less pain, feel gentle and lasting force, and follow-up times are reduced, shortening treatment duration and improving efficacy. It is a new and excellent mechanical device in orthodontic treatment.
3. L-H archwires are named 'LH' for 'low esthetics,' meaning the stress generated when the archwire is tied to the bracket and during tooth movement, as the archwire slowly returns to its original shape, differs very little. This characteristic gives the archwire the advantages of low load and continuous light force. At the same time, the initial slope of the curve is low, indicating low rigidity of the archwire. The hysteresis curves of other types of NiTi archwires show greater rigidity. Clearly, L-H archwires have significant mechanical advantages. The LH wire is called Ti-Ni wire because the titanium proportion in the Ni-Ti composition is higher than in general Ni-Ti archwires, and experiments have proven its strong damping effect. Another feature of LH nickel-titanium wire is that it can be bent and shaped by heating with heat treatment instruments. Therefore, LH nickel-titanium wire can also be used for alignment, opening bites, closing gaps, and final stages of treatment can be completed with one upper and one lower archwire. The archwire can be removed and bent into the required shape at each stage, then heat-treated to shape and harden. Clinically, L-H archwires are used for arch expansion and correction of open bite, asymmetrical bite, and crossbite. Due to their stable and gentle force, the effects are good. Meanwhile, J-hooks are often used to increase the softness of the archwire. Although MEAW technology is also effective in correcting the above malocclusions, the complex bending of archwires often deters many doctors. Therefore, some doctors use rocking-chair style nickel-titanium archwires for vertical traction of anterior teeth, similar to mechanical systems. Although this also has similar effects, they always feel that the movement of each individual tooth is not as good as with MEAW technology because rocking-chair nickel-titanium archwires are continuous wires that cannot be bent. Thus, the angle of bracket bonding and the curvature of the rocking-chair archwire determine the angle of each tooth, unlike MEAW technology.
Keywords:
Medical Nickel-Titanium Guidewire
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